Arthapa is a locality in Madhyadeśa (Madhyadesa), as mentioned in Vāyupurāṇa (Vayupurana). Though it has been mentioned along with Tilaṅga (Tilanga) and Magadha, it is difficult to find its proper geographical identity.

Trying to locate this region called Arthapa, D.C. Sircar has taken as proof the the different versions of the name. In the śloka(sloka; verse) of Vāyupurāṇa (Vayupurana), whereas Arthapa and Tilaṅga have been mentioned together — arthapāśca tilaṅgāśca — in Matsyapurāṇa (Matsyapurana), in the same context, it is said — avantāścākaliṅgāśca. In another reading of Mārkaṇḍeyapurāṇa (Markandeyapurana), it is also found — arvudāśca kaliṅgāśca. Analysing these different versions, D.C. Sircar has considered Avantī (Avanti) or Arvuda and Arthapa as being identical. In Purāṇa, Arvuda is mentioned as a locality in western India. However, according to the position of Arvuda and the geographical ideas of those times, Arvuda can also be called a locality of mid-western India.